Hello Viewer! How are you I hope you well? In the previous lesson, we learned Strings in C Language ( Part 1 ). in this lesson we'll learn Basic Information Related to Operating System...
2) It Acts as a Resources Allocator - Resource Allocator means When In computer many programs run simultaneously we are supposed to CPU one of them and memory to one of them so this is called Resource Allocator.
Sometimes some Resource is not shareable in that case we should allocate to one and take it out and allocate to another one.
Sometimes Resource is not sharable then we can allocate them simultaneously. Resource means anything like CPU, Memory, Printer or any devices.
3) It acts as a manager - memory, processes, files, security etc.
4) An Operating System provides a platform where Application Program can Run.
5) It is a System Software.
Goals of Operating System
1) Primary Goal :
Convenience / User-Friendly.
2) Secondary Goal :
Efficiency.
In past "Efficiency" is more important than "Convenience". Thus much of OS theory concentrates on the optimal use of Computing Resource.
WINDOWS and LINUX are two OS. compare to the WINDOW, LINUX has less virus problem. LINUX occupies less space than WINDOWS. LINUX is more efficient compared to the window but generally, a man/person use the WINDOWS because of its reliability, convenience and easy to use, easy to understand compare 2 LINUX. Most important point is Convenience of the OS and after it "Efficiency".
Function of Operating System
Security
OS make sure that only authorized user get access to the computer and its data and the users only do things they are authorized to do.
CPU Scheduling / Process Management
Process Management is the Process by which OS manage Processes, Threads, enable processes to share information, protect process resources and allocate system resources.
Memory Management
Memory is the large array of words or Bytes, each with its own address. When user request read/write/operation, OS determines the amount of memory required for the program instructions and data. Then OS allocates required memory to load the program and data into RAM. When the program terminates its memory area is free and the same memory area is located for other programs.
Deadlock Prevention
During processing, a situation can arise in which a resource shared by two or more processes cannot continue because the resource required by one process is held by other. This situation is called Deadlock. ( We'll discuss this topic briefly in our upcoming post )
I / O Management
OS manages I / O devices and makes the I/O process effective. OS accepts the input from the input device stored it in the main memory, ask the CPU to process it and finally provides the result to the output devices for output.
Views of an OS
User View
The User view of the computer varies according to the interface being used. Most computer users sit in front of a PC, consisting of a monitor, Keyboard, mouse and system unit such a system is designed for one user.
to monopolize its resources the goal is to maximize the work that the user is performing. In this case, the OS is designed mostly for "ease of use". performance is also important for the user but such a system is optimized for the single-user experience.
In other case, users sit at a terminal connected to Mainframe or Minicomputer. other users are accessing the same computers through other terminals. The OS, in this case, must be designed to maximize resource utilization
In other cases, the user sits at a workstation connected to the network of other Workstation and Servers. These users have dedicated resources at their disposal, but they also share resources such as networking and servers,
including file, computer, and print servers. Therefore, their operating system is designed to compromise between individual usability and resource utilization.
System View
- From the system point of view, the OS is a program involved with the hardware.
- In this context, we can view an OS as a "Resource Allocator".
- System view of OS is mainly focused on resource allocation to meet the requirements of a different application program.
In this part we learn Basics Of OS. I hope you like it. we'll discuss Next Part in the future post.
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Important :
In this post, Article/Paragraph is taken from Operating System Concept book that is written by Peter Baer Galvin